1. Private Transactions Use More Gas
2. Base Fees are Volatile
3. Rise of Private Transactions Among Big Players

Ethereum users are increasingly turning to private transactions to avoid frontrunners. Over the past year, these transactions have quietly taken over more than half of all Ethereum L1 block space, impacting the entire ecosystem from wallets we use to dApps we trust.

Private Transactions Use More Gas

Private transactions aren't new, but their gas consumption is surprising. While only about 30% of all transactions are private, they now consume more than 50% of the network's gas. This is because these operations typically involve complex swaps requiring protection from frontrunning.

Base Fees are Volatile

The increase in private transactions significantly affects Ethereum's base fees. The EIP-1559 upgrade in 2021 introduced dynamic base fees that change based on block load. Now, with the rise of private transactions, base fees fluctuate more, complicating network usage.

Rise of Private Transactions Among Big Players

Major players like Beaver, Titan, Rsync, and Flashbots have ramped up their private transaction volumes significantly. Since March 2024, Titan's gas usage increased from 3.5 million to 8.5 million, Beaver from 3 million to 7.5 million, Flashbots from 3 million to 7 million, and Rsync from 2.5 million to 6 million. This pushes out smaller builders, who struggle to hit the 15 million gas target set by EIP-1559.

Private transactions are becoming a significant part of the Ethereum ecosystem, changing not only block economics but also how users interact with the network. These changes bring both new opportunities and challenges for all participants.