Rollups play a vital role in scaling Ethereum, providing solutions for off-chain transaction execution. This article explores the differences between classic and sovereign rollups, as well as various approaches to their design.
Classic Rollups
Classic rollups feature an enshrined validating bridge that connects them to Ethereum. This bridge enables a two-way trust-minimized connection between the L2 and L1. Classic rollups scale Ethereum by offering a user experience similar to the main Ethereum chain, but at reduced cost and increased speed.
Sovereign Rollups
Unlike classic rollups, sovereign rollups do not have an enshrined validating bridge linking them to L1. These rollups provide a one-way trust-minimized bridge from L1, setting their operating conditions independently from the underlying blockchain.
Designs of Ethereum Rollups
There are several aspects to consider when designing rollups. One such aspect is sequencing, which can be autonomous or supported by the primary L1 system. Additionally, rollups can offer minimized-trust verification, allowing secure connections with other blockchains. Rollups utilizing ZK proofs are classified as ZK rollups, whereas those using fault proofs are considered optimistic rollups.
This classification provides an organized approach to understanding the rollup landscape and supports frameworks for system evaluation, leading to fairer security assessments. Ongoing development efforts aim to create a more detailed outlook on rollups within the Ethereum ecosystem.
