1. Main Activities of the New Exchanges
2. Focus on Stablecoins and BRICS Currency
3. Risks and Regulatory Concerns

Russia plans to open two new cryptocurrency exchanges, one in Moscow and another in St. Petersburg, aiming to enhance foreign economic activity and provide a new platform for digital transactions.

Main Activities of the New Exchanges

The proposed exchanges will initially operate in a test mode, primarily involving a limited number of users. According to Mikhail Uspensky, a member of the State Duma's legislative regulation committee for cryptocurrencies, the exchanges are expected to cater primarily to large exporters and importers, while small and medium-sized businesses and individuals might face restricted access initially.

Focus on Stablecoins and BRICS Currency

A significant aspect of this initiative is the focus on developing stablecoins tied to the Chinese yuan and the BRICS currency basket. The stablecoins will play a crucial role in facilitating financial transactions, particularly with Chinese counterparts. Russia's move aligns with its overall strategy to avoid international sanctions and tighten compliance measures. The Bank of Russia has been exploring stablecoin legalization for cross-border transactions. Oleg Ogienko from BitRiver emphasized that, according to Russian legislation, stablecoins are considered digital financial assets. This development underscores Russia’s intent to strengthen economic cooperation within the BRICS bloc.

Risks and Regulatory Concerns

Despite the optimistic outlook, the project faces several challenges. Mikhail Uspensky highlighted potential risks, such as the possibility of transaction details being exposed and ending up on sanctions lists, which could lead to blocking transactions involving crypto assets purchased on these new exchanges. Russia currently operates under Federal Law No. 259, which regulates digital financial assets, though this law does not specifically address cryptocurrency exchanges. Additionally, recent legislation includes provisions for the registration of mining firms and introduces new regulatory frameworks for the sector. The law also bans mass cryptocurrency advertising within Russia, reflecting a more cautious approach to digital asset promotion.

The opening of new cryptocurrency exchanges in Moscow and St. Petersburg is a significant step for Russia in enhancing its foreign economic activity and digital transactions, despite the regulatory and sanctions-related challenges.