Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming part of the economies of African countries, offering new prospects for the continent. While most discussions about AI focus on developed countries, it's important to consider how this technology is transforming some of the world's poorest regions.

The Reality of AI in Africa

In Zambia, AI improves medical diagnostics, in Kenya, farmers use machine learning to detect crop diseases, and Ethiopian students use AI to tailor education materials to their needs. Reports predict AI could add over $30 billion to Africa’s economy in the next ten years. By 2030, it might increase the continent’s economy by $2.9 trillion, meaning a 3% growth each year. This would be significant for countries struggling with development. Some experts believe AI can help Africa 'leapfrog' past phases of development that the West had to grind through. Remember how mobile phones changed Africa’s economy by bypassing landlines? The idea is the same. Bill Gates recently said that well-run digital systems can strengthen governments. He thinks AI could turbocharge this trend.

The Role of Big Tech

Microsoft recently announced a $1 billion investment in Kenya, including a geothermal-powered data center and an innovation lab. The company’s president, Brad Smith, compared AI to the printing press and electricity, noting that Africa missed out on electricity but doesn’t need to miss out on AI. Google opened an AI research center in Ghana in 2018 and another one in Kenya in 2022. It has invested $1 billion in digital infrastructure across Africa, including a submarine cable linking the continent to Australia and Europe. At the Ghana research center, engineers are tackling African problems with AI, predicting famines and mapping buildings in informal settlements.

Challenges and Risks of AI

Despite the advancements, many are concerned that AI could deepen social inequalities. Privacy concerns are also rising: in 2020, Ghana bought 10,000 security cameras from China, using AI-powered facial recognition. AI can be used for good, but what happens when it’s in the wrong hands? Tyranny becomes easier with AI-powered surveillance. Some African campaigners are worried about a 'data grab,' fearing big corporations from the U.S. are collecting African data to sell services elsewhere. African labor is often used to train AI models, with pay as low as $2 per hour, and the data benefits other parts of the world. Africa's linguistic diversity presents another challenge, as many African languages are oral, and enough written content is lacking to train AI models.

AI has enormous potential for developing Africa, but it's important to recognize the challenges and risks associated with its implementation. The technology can open up new opportunities for economic growth and improved living conditions, but social issues need to be considered, ensuring AI benefits all residents of the continent.