Forty years after IBM initially delved into quantum computing, the company is now looking to expand this technology into supercomputers. In 2020, the American corporation released a quantum roadmap that included plans for a 127-qubit Eagle processor based on quantum techniques and the Qiskit Runtime API.

The current aim is to create a 4000-qubit quantum supercomputer by 2025. To achieve this goal, IBM will introduce the 433-qubit Osprey chip by the end of 2022 and move Qiskit Runtime to the cloud in 2023. Following this, the 1000-qubit Condor quantum chip will be released, allowing for a significant increase in quantum volume, leading to faster processing speeds.

IBM plans to interconnect multiple processors in parallel and sequentially to enhance error-correction schemes and coordination between processors. Microchip-level connectors will also be designed to integrate multiple microchips into a larger processor. Quantum communication channels will then be built to connect these larger multi-processors until a full computing platform with 4000 qubits is formed.

IBM is also working on primitive programs that enable developers to access quantum computation results without an in-depth understanding of the hardware. The company intends to expand this program set in 2023 to run on parallel quantum processors efficiently.

The problem-solving process will involve dividing tasks into smaller quantum and classical programs processed either in parallel or sequentially. Orchestration will then connect these data streams to provide a coherent result accessible to classical computers.

IBM's proprietary infrastructure, known as "Quantum Serverless Stitching," is set to be integrated into the main stack of quantum software in 2023. The company is aiming to combine quantum resources (QPUs) with CPUs and GPUs into a unified computational structure, forming the IBM Quantum System Two. The prototype is expected to be operational by 2023.